Bedřich Smetana
Dalibor
Co-produced with Welsh National Opera
Today the verdict will be pronounced and the guilty will be sacrificed to the law… The people in the courtroom where the trial of Dalibor is taking place are in an uproar. Is he guilty of murder or was he just defending his right? The victim’s sister, Milada, is implacably calling for severe punishment for her brother’s death, but a face-to-face meeting with Dalibor shatters her conviction. How does the king decide, at a moment when everyone present seems to be playing their own political game…
Smetana’s Dalibor is much more than just a romantic tragedy with beautiful music based on the medieval tale of the Knight Dalibor of Kozojedy, who learned to play the violin in prison, which was first heard on the occasion of the laying of the foundation stone of the National Theatre. This drama about the desire for revenge, amorous passion and political intrigue is an extraordinary work to which it is not easy to find the key. British director David Pountney is one of the great admirers and promoters of Czech opera. The Brno audience could see that he can present a view revealing the deepest layers of human dramas during his production of Janáček’s Her Stepdaughter (Jenůfa) in 2004. Together with him, the excellent conductor Tomáš Hanus returns to Brno on this occasion to rehearse Smetana’s Dalibor, which has not been heard on the Brno stages for almost thirty years, as part of the Smetana200 project.
Premiere: 2 February 2024 at the Janáček Theatre
Staged in Czech original with Czech, English and German subtitles.


Duration 2 hours 40 minutes, 1 intermission.
Synopsis of the Opera
Part 1
People gather in front of the court where Dalibor’s trial is to take place. Among those present is Jitka, a girl whom Dalibor took in as an orphan. Despite the impending danger, Jitka is determined to help Dalibor. The judges and King Vladislav arrive. Vladislav reads the charge against Dalibor – he and his soldiers raided Ploškovice Castle and killed the burgrave. At the request of Milada, the sister of the deceased, the King sent an army that defeated Dalibor and his followers. The King invites Milada to testify about Dalibor’s actions. Milada recounts the fateful night and the death of her brother, and demands Dalibor’s punishment.
Dalibor is brought before the court. The assembled people welcome him, and even Milada is surprised by his appearance and demeanour. Dalibor does not deny his guilt. He killed the burgrave in revenge for the death of his friend Zdeněk, who had been captured in battle and executed. Dalibor was merely avenging the death of a friend, and that is a right that he will not surrender even to the King. The unanimous verdict on Dalibor is life imprisonment. He does not care about life, however, and leaves with the memory of Zdeněk, with whom he hopes to be reunited soon. Milada realises that she has merely been used in a staged trial and begs the King for mercy, but she is refused. Jitka sees her agitation and convinces her to help her free Dalibor.
Jitka and Dalibor’s followers are waiting for the arrival of her dear Vítek. She tells him that Milada has joined their side. Disguised as a boy, she has entered the prison and, when the time is right, she will give them a signal. Vítek’s comrades tease the two lovers and they then go resolutely into action. Not all of them will return, however.
Part 2
Commander of the Guard Budivoj reminds Jailor Beneš that utmost vigilance is needed, as Dalibor has determined followers who might try to free him. He also looks suspiciously at Milada disguised as a boy. Beneš explains that he is a beggar boy he has taken in out of pity. Milada brings dinner, but Beneš has one more task to be done. He tells Milada that Dalibor, who is being held down in the deepest dungeon, has asked him for a violin. Beneš wants to take him his own old instrument, and Milada offers to take it to him herself.
In a dream, Dalibor sees Zdeněk playing the violin. If only he had that instrument at least to remind him of his friend and his art. Milada arrives and hands him the coveted violin. She begs his forgiveness and reveals herself to Dalibor. He forgives her everything and promises to be a brother and a friend to Milada to make up for her slain brother.
Budivoj brings news to the King and the judges of the planned liberation of Dalibor. He brings in Beneš, who tells about the young man he has taken into service. He has turned out to be a traitor and a spy; today he has disappeared, leaving behind only a bribe for his silence. Vladislav hesitates and leaves it to the judges to decide on the next course of action. They are convinced that leaving Dalibor alive is a danger to the state, for which reason he must be executed immediately. Vladislav continues to hesitate, but finally agrees to have the sentence carried out that same night.
Dalibor is ready to escape, but just as he is about to give the agreed signal with the violin, a string breaks. Budivoj bursts into the cell with the guards and tells Dalibor that the betrayal has been uncovered. To Dalibor’s delight, however, he reveals that the mysterious boy has disappeared without trace. Budivoj announces the sentence that has been passed on him. Dalibor is surprised, but finally accepts his death proudly – Zdeněk is waiting for him and Milada will soon join them.
Milada along with Jitka and the armed women are waiting for Dalibor’s signal. But the tolling of the death knell and the chanting of the monks ring out into the night. Milada realises that Dalibor has been betrayed and leads everyone into a desperate battle. One by one, Dalibor’s followers fall dead, including Milada.
Production team
Cast
When do we play?
Dalibor
Lecturer's introduction before the performance- 06/04/2025
- 17:00 - 19:40